What are the key technologies in 5th generation mobile communications (5G)?

The improvement of 5G communication performance does not rely on one technology alone, but requires a variety of technologies to cooperate with each other to jointly realize. The key technologies are roughly divided into two categories: wireless transmission technology and network technology.

Large-scale MIMO technology: the base station uses dozens or hundreds of antennas, narrow beams, directional transmission, high gain, anti-interference, and improved spectral efficiency;

Non-orthogonal multiple access technology: NOMA, MUSA, PDMA, SCMA and other non-orthogonal multiple access technologies to further enhance system capacity. Supports uplink non-scheduled transmission, reduces air interface delay, and adapts to low-latency requirements;

Full-duplex communication technology: a physical layer technology that realizes simultaneous same-frequency bidirectional transmission of information through multiple interference elimination, which is expected to exponentially increase the capacity of wireless network;

New modulation technology: filter bank orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, supporting flexible parameter configuration, configuring different carrier intervals according to the need, adapting to different transmission scenarios;

New coding technology: LDPC coding and polar code with high error correction performance;

High-order modulation technology: 1024QAM modulation, improving spectrum efficiency.

Network slicing technology: Based on NFV and SDN technology, network resources are virtualized, providing resources for different services packaged for different users, optimizing end-to-end service experience, and having better security isolation characteristics.

Edge computing technology: Providing carrier-grade computing and storage resources at the edge of the network, localizing service processing, reducing backhaul link compliance, and reducing service transmission delay.

Service-oriented network architecture: The core network of 5G is constructed with service-oriented architecture, with smaller resource granularity, which is more suitable for virtualization. Meanwhile, the service-based interface definition is more open and easy to integrate more services.